Causes of nail splitting
There are several causes of splits or cracked nails, including:
- Dryness: Lack of moisture can make nails brittle and more prone to splitting. This can be due to excessive hand washing, use of harsh chemicals, or exposure to dry environments.
- Overexposure to water: Constant wetting and drying of nails can weaken them, leading to splits. This is commonly seen in individuals who regularly wash dishes, swim or soak their nails for long periods.
- Nutritional deficiencies: A lack of essential nutrients, such as biotin, vitamin B, or iron, can affect nail health and make them more prone to splitting.
- Trauma: Physical injury or trauma to the nail, such as accidentally hitting or slamming it, can cause splits.
- Nail polish or artificial nails: Constant use of nail polish, especially those containing harsh chemicals like formaldehyde, or frequent application and removal of artificial nails can weaken the natural nails, causing them to split.
- Underlying health conditions: Certain medical conditions like psoriasis, thyroid disorders, fungal infections, or disorders affecting collagen production can impact nail health and lead to splitting.
- Aging: As we age, the nails may become drier and more brittle, increasing the risk of splitting.
- Excessive filing or shaping: Over-filing or shaping the nails with rough tools or excessive force can weaken them, causing splits.
It is important to note that if nail splitting is persistent, severe, or accompanied by other symptoms, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional, as it could indicate an underlying health issue.
Solutions
There are several ways to prevent and minimize the occurrence of side splits in nails. Consider following these tips:
- Keep your nails trimmed: Maintain your nails at a shorter length, as longer nails are more prone to splits and breaks.
- File your nails regularly: Use a gentle nail file to smooth any rough edges or snags. Avoid filing aggressively, as it can weaken the nails.
- Moisture is key: Apply hand lotion or cuticle oil regularly to keep your nails hydrated and prevent them from drying out, which can lead to splits.
- Wear gloves while doing household chores: Protect your nails from any harsh chemicals or excessive water exposure by wearing gloves while doing tasks like cleaning or washing dishes.
- Avoid using your nails as tools: Refrain from using your nails to open packages, scrape off labels, or perform any activities that could stress or damage them.
- Be mindful of your diet: Consume a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals to nourish your nails from within. Focus on eating foods that contain biotin, vitamin E, and iron, which promote strong and healthy nails.
- Handle your nails with care: Avoid picking at or biting your nails and refrain from using them to scratch or pick at surfaces.
- Apply a strengthening treatment: Consider using a nail strengthening product or base coat to fortify your nails and reduce the chances of splits.
Remember, everyone’s nails are different, and it may take time to identify the best preventive measures for your specific situation. If you frequently experience side splits despite taking precautions, it may be helpful to consult a dermatologist or a professional nail technician for further advice.